Abbreviations Used in Construction Industry - Part 5 (Q to S)

 Dear Readers, 

This is continuation of Part-4. Successful project delivery includes both written and oral communication is more important. For communication it is mandatory to understand the acronyms and terms used in construction industry. 

291) QA – Quality Assurance – Quality assurance is the overall process. It is the term used in both manufacturing and service industries to describe the systematic efforts taken to assure that the product delivered to customer meet with the contractual and other agreed upon performance, design, reliability, and maintainability expectations of that customer.

292) QC – Quality Control. It is part of the QA process. It's the actual testing and checking of the product. QC focuses on the product to find defects that remain after development.

293) Qlty. – Quality.

294) QMS – Quality Management System.

295) Qty. – Quantity. 

296) QS – Quantity Surveyor.

297) QSC – Quantity Survey Codes.

298) QSPC – Quick-Setting Portland Cement.

299) Quality Assurance – The Process of Verifying that a Construction Project Meets Quality Standards.

300) Quality Control – Ensuring A Construction Project Meets Quality Standards.

301) RCA – Root Cause Analysis. Also called as a Fishbone Analysis. 

302) RCC – Reinforced Cement Concrete.

303) R&D – Research & Development

304) RE – Resident Engineer – In construction, an RE is an engineer who supervises fieldwork on behalf of an owner, client, or design consultant.

305) REBAR (Reinforcing Bar) – This is the reinforcing steel (as opposed to structural steel) that is embedded in structural concrete to allow a member to resist tension, flexing, bending, and torsion.

306) Recon. – Reconciliation.

307) RFI (Request for Information) – A Document Used to Request Clarification or Additional Information from a Contractor or Supplier.

308) RFI (Request for Inspection) – It is Inspection call notice of the works/ Products.

309) RFP (Request for Proposal) – A Request for a Detailed Proposal from a Contractor or Supplier for a Specific Project or Product.

310) RFQ (Request for Quotation) – A Request for a Price Quote for Materials or Services in a Construction Project.

311) RH – Relative Humidity.

312) RHS – Right Hand Side. 

313) Risk Management – The Process of Identifying and Mitigating Potential Risks in a Construction Project.

314) RMC – Ready Mix Concrete, often abbreviated as RMC, is a type of concrete that is manufactured in a batch plant according to a set engineered mix design. This ready-mix concrete definition emphasizes that it is produced under controlled conditions and then delivered to a construction site in a ready-to-use state.

315) RND – Record Notes of Discussion.

316) ROO (Roof Overhang) – The part of a roof that extends beyond the exterior walls of a building.

317) Roofing – The Material and Components Cover the Roof of a Building.

318) RT – Radiography Test (X-ray test).

319) RTR – Reliability Test Run. 

320) Safety – The Measures Taken to Prevent Accidents and Injuries on a Construction Site.

321) SAW – Submerged Arc Welding.

322) SCBL – Sub-Contractor Bill.

323) SCC – Special Contract Clauses. It is always superseding the GCC.

324) Schedule – A Timeline for a Construction Project That Outlines Key Milestones and Deadlines.

325) Schedule Of Values – A Document that Outlines the Distribution of Construction Project Payments.

326) SCM – Supply Chain Management.

327) Site Logistics – The Planning and Coordination of Construction Site Activities to Ensure Efficiency and Safety.

328) Site Preparation – The Preparation of a Construction Site for the Start of Construction.

329) SLI – Safe Load Indicator, it is a device installed in mobile or portal crane to alert the operator if load exceeds the safety measure of crane.

330) Smart Building – A Building Equipped with Advanced Technology to Optimize Energy Efficiency and Comfort.

331) SMAW – Shielded metal arc welding. also known as manual metal arc welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding or informally as stick welding

332) SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) – A documented procedure for a routine task in construction.

333) SOR (Schedule of Rates) – A Document that Outlines unit rates and scope quantities.

334) SOW (Statement of Work) – A Document that Outlines the Scope, Deliverables, And Timeline of a Construction Project.

335) SPT – Standard Penetration Test.

336) SQ. CM – Square Centi meter.

337) SQ. FT – Square Feet.

338) SQ. IN – Square Inches.

339) SQM – Square Metre.

340) SS – Stainless Steel.

341) SSD (Site Specific Data) – Data specific to a construction site, such as soil conditions, topography, and utility locations.

342) Stakeholder Analysis – The Process of Identifying and Evaluating the Interests and Influence of Stakeholders in a Construction Project.

343) Stakeholder Management – The Process of Managing and Communicating with All Stakeholders Involved in a Construction Project.

344) Std. – Standard.

345) Stl – Steel.

346) Strl – Structural. 

347) Subcontractor (S/c)– A Company or Individual Who Performs Work for a Contractor on a Construction Project.

348) Submittal – Documentation or Materials Submitted for Review and Approval in a Construction Project.

349) Sustainability – The Practice of Designing and Constructing Buildings and Infrastructure in an Environmentally Responsible Manner.

350) SWL – Safe Working Load. It is defined as the maximum safe load that the lifting equipment can lift, move, suspend, and lower down to the ground without any problem of breaking.

15th Blogoversary

Dear Readers,

I am very happy and proud because Engineer Diary blog has completed its 15th year and is entering its 16th year in March. I have initiated this blog to impart the knowledge and benefits acquired from my experience to the next generation.

I am proud to state that I have been writing consistently for over 15 years, and I am pleased that this blog focuses exclusively on engineering. However, from this year onward, I would like to post about wealth creation. This change of mind is due to the evolving lifestyle of young professional engineers. During my service, I observed that most of the youngsters are taking loans instead of focusing on wealth creation. Hard-earned money should not be spent meaninglessly. They are often unaware of the difference between assets and liabilities.

I am delighted to announce that this blog has surpassed one million page views (10,494,020) and has gained 159 followers. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to everyone who contributed to this achievement and hope for your continued support in the future.

For your kind information, this blog will as always with a minimum of one post per month and a maximum of 25 posts per year. I kindly request you to supporting my blog and to refer it to others who may benefit from it. 

Once again, I thank you all…….

Welding Terms Part-6 (L&M)

     Dear Readers.

This is continuation of Part-5. Welding is a highly technical field requiring specialized acronyms and abbreviations. This article will be a valuable resource for anyone looking to enhance their knowledge of the Welding Works.

Lap Joint – A joint between two overlapping members in parallel planes.

Laser – A device that provides a concentrated coherent light beam. Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

Laser Beam Cutting – A process that severs material with the heat from a concentrated coherent beam impinging upon the workpiece.

Laser Beam Welding – A process that fuses material with the heat from a concentrated coherent beam impinging upon the members to be joined.

Layer – A stratum of weld metal or surfacing material. The layer may consist of one or more weld beads laid side by side.

Leads – These are the lines from the machine to what you are welding that carry the current.

Leg of Fillet Weld – The distance from the root of the joint to the toe of the fillet weld.

Liquidus – The lowest temperature at which a metal or an alloy is completely liquid.

Local preheating – Preheating a specific portion of a structure.

Local stress relief heat treatment – Stress relief heat treatment of a specific portion of a structure.

Longitudinal sequence – The order in which the increments of a continuous weld are deposited with respect to its length.

Machine Welding – Equipment performs the weld while a person watches to make sure it is working right. They will also visually inspect the completed weld.

Macro Testing – A destructive testing method where the sections of a weld are polished, etched and examined under a microscope for defects.

Mandrel – A metal bar serving as a core around which other metals are cast, forged, or extruded, forming a true, center hole.

Manifold – A multiple header for interconnection of gas or fluid sources with distribution points.

Manual Welding – A welding process where the torch or electrode holder is manipulated by hand.

Mash Seam Welding – A seam weld made in a lap joint in which the thickness at the lap is reduced to approximately the thickness of one of the lapped joints by applying pressure while the metal is in a plastic state.

Mechanical Bond – The adherence of a thermal-spray deposit to a roughened surface by particle interlocking.

Mechanized Welding – Welding with equipment where manual adjustment of controls is required in response to variations in the welding process. The torch or electrode holder is held by a mechanical device.

Melting Point – The temperature at which a metal begins to liquefy.

Melting Rate – How much of the rod (electrode), wire, or TIG rod is melted in a certain amount of time. Or the temperature range between solidus and liquidus.

Melt-Through – Visible reinforcement produced on the opposite side of a welded joint from one side.

Metal-Arc Cutting – The process of cutting metals by melting with the heat of the metal arc. Arc metal cutting is a thermal cutting process that uses an arc between an electrode and the workpiece to melt and remove metal.

Metal-Arc Welding – An arc welding process in which a metal electrode is held so that the heat of the arc fuses both the electrode and the work to form a weld.

Metal Cored Arc Welding – A tubular electrode process where the hollow configuration contains alloying materials.

Metal Cored Electrode – A composite tubular electrode consisting of a metal sheath and a core of various powdered materials, producing no more than slag islands on the face of the weld bead. External shielding is required.

Metal electrode – A fillet or non-filler metal electrode, used in arc welding or cutting consisting of a metal wire or rod that has been manufactured by any method and that is either bare or covered with a suitable covering or coating.

Metallizing – A method of overlay or metal bonding to repair worn parts.

Metallic bond – The principal bond which holds metals together and which is formed between base metals and filler metals in all welding processes.

Method – An orderly arrangement or set form of procedure to be used in the application of welding or allied processes.

Microprocessor – One or more integrated circuits that can be programmed with stored instructions to perform a variety of functions.

MIG – It may be technically called GMAW, but in the shop Mig welding uses a solid steel wire rolled up on a spool and fed through a welding lead with a liner in it. Drivers push, pull or both to feed the wire through the lead to the welding gun.

Mixing Chamber – It is part of a welding or cutting torch in which the gases are mixed for combustion.

Molecular Weight – The sum of the atomic weights of all the constituent atoms in the molecule of an element or compound.

Molten weld pool – The liquid state of a weld prior to solidification as weld metal.

Monochromatic – The color of a surface that radiates light, containing an extremely small range of wavelengths.

MQP – Manufacturing Quality Plan. It is a basic test during manufacturing process.

MTC / MTR – Material Test Certificate / Material Test Report.

Multi-Impulse Welding – The making of spot, projection, and upset welds by more than one impulse of current. When alternating current is used each impulse may consist of a fraction of a cycle or a number of cycles.

Multipass Welds – When multiple welds are applied to one project.