Welding Terms (C & D)

Dear Readers,

Following Terms are commonly used in Welding works

Camber – Deviation from edge straightness, usually the greatest deviation of side edge from a straight line.

Cap Pass – The final pass of a weld joint, it can be made with a weave motion back and forth, or with stringer beads tied into each other.

Carrier Gas – In thermal spraying, the gas used to carry powdered materials from the powder feeder or hopper to the gun.

Capillary Action – The action by which the liquid surface is elevated or depressed where it contacts a solid because the liquid molecules are attracted to one another and to the solid molecules.

Cladding – A thin (> 0.04" or 1mm) layer of material applied to the base material to improve corrosion or wear resistance of the part.

Clad Metal – A composite metal containing two or three layers that have been welded together. The welding may have been accomplished by roll welding, arc welding, casting, heavy chemical deposition, or heavy electroplating.

Coalescence – The uniting of many materials into one body.

Coated Electrode - That is the flux on the filler metal of a welding rod.

Coherent – Moving in unison.

Cold Lap – Incomplete fusion or overlap.

Collimate – To render parallels to a certain line or direction.

Complete Fusion – Fusion that has occurred over the entire base material surfaces intended for welding, and between all layer and passes.

Complete Joint Penetration – Joint penetration in which the weld metal completely fills the groove and is fused to the base metal throughout its total thickness.

Concavity - It is when a Fillet Weld bead sags inward from the root Face to the Root.

Constant Current Power Source – An arc welding power source with a volt-ampere output characteristic that produces a small welding current change from a large arc voltage change.

Contact Tube – A system component / A device that transfers current from the torch gun to a continuous electrode.

Contact Resistance – The resistance in ohms between the contacts of a relay, switch, or other device when the contacts are touching each other.

Convexity - This is when a Fillet Weld bead protrudes outwards from the Root to the Face.

Corner Joint - One of the five basic weld Joints. It is when the edges of two plates butt up to each other at a 90-degree angle. It usually provides a groove to fill providing good Penetration.

Covered Electrode – A filler metal electrode used in shielded metal-arc welding, consisting of a metal-wire core with a flux covering.

Crater – In arc welding, a depression on the surface of a weld bead.

Crater Crack – A crack in the crater of a weld bead.

Critical Temperature - This is when the base metal transitions from solidus to liquidus as you heat it during the welding process.

Cryogenic – Refers to low temperatures, usually -200°C (-130°F) or below.

Current - In the electric circuit the current is the flow of electricity. What you're welding on resists the flow and that forms heat. AMPS are the measurement of your current.

Cutting Attachment – A device for converting an oxy-fuel gas-welding torch into an oxy-fuel cutting torch.

Cylinder – A portable container used for transportation and storage of a compressed gas.

Defect – A discontinuity or discontinuities that by nature or accumulated effect (for example, total crack length) renders a part or product unable to meet minimum applicable acceptance standards or specifications.

Density – The ratio of the weight of a substance per unit volume, e.g. mass of a solid, liquid, or gas per unit volume at a specific temperature.

Deposited Metal – Filler metal that has been added during welding, brazing, or soldering.

Deposition Efficiency – In arc welding, the ratio of the weight of deposited metal to the net weight of filler metal consumed, exclusive of stubs.

Deposition Rate – The weight of material deposited in a unit of time. It is usually expressed as pounds hour (lb/h) or kilograms per hour (kg/h).

Depth of Fusion – The distance that fusion extends into the base metal or previous pass from the surface melted during welding.

Dew Point – The temperature and pressure at which the liquefaction of a vapor begins. Usually applied to condensation of moisture from the water vapor in the atmosphere.

Dilution – The change in chemical composition of a welding filler material caused by the admixture of the base material or previously deposited weld material in the deposited weld bead.

Direct Current – Electric current that flows in one direction.

Direct Current Electrode Negative (DCEN) – The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in where the electrode is the negative pole and workpiece is the positive pole of the welding arc.

Direct Current Electrode Positive (DCEP) – The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in where the electrode is the positive pole and workpiece is the negative pole of the welding arc.

Ductility - Is the metal bending and staying bent without breaking.

Duty Cycle – The percentage of time during a period that a power source can be operated at rated output without overheating.

Dynamic Load – A force exerted by a moving body on a resistance member, usually in a relatively short time interval.