Unit Weight of M.S. Sheets

Dear Readers,

We are very often use the sheets and plates during construction activities. Sheet metal and plate metal are different forms of steel. The most notable difference between plate and sheet metal is the thickness of the products. Plate metal is thicker when compared to sheet metal.

In general thickness less then 5.99 mm is called sheet and more than 6 mm is called plates. Sheets can be measured in SWG or in mm (millimeter). Unit weight of Sheets is as follows.

Sheet metal is produced on an industrial scale by applying rolling, processing and drying techniques. Eventually it is the process of rolling that will decide whether a particular metal will be classified as sheet or plate. Rolling metal adds pressure which determines the overall thickness of the metal. If the metal is rolled thin then it is considered to be sheet and if it is thick then the metal can be classified as plate.

Weight of Pipes

 Dear Readers,

In continuation with my earlier post " Difference between Pipes & Tubes" , let us note the unit weight of Pipes, wall thickness and further details.

Pipes are specified based on the schedules. Normally we mention pipes as Standard pipes, Extra Strong, Double extra strong based on the applications and utilization purpose. However further it also classified technically on Schedules, subject to the wall thickness , These schedules starts from Schedule-10, Schedule-20, Schedule- 30 , Schedule-40, Schedule-60, Schedule-80, Schedule-100, Schedule-120, Schedule-140 & Schedule-160

Below Table shows the weights of Standard pipes, Extra Strong & Double strong. Theses are readily available in market.

Above table Wall thickness are mentioned in "mm" & Weights are in "Kg/Meter".

For More Details about unit weight of Tubes Click Here 

For Difference between Tube and Pipe Click Here

Specific Gravity

As you well aware that all materials having individual properties and weights based on the density. How we can compare the different materials in a same platform. Since water has a density of 1 gram/cm3, and since all of the units cancel, specific gravity is the same number as density but without any units (adimensional).

A 1000kg of pure water = 1 cubic metre. Pure water was chosen as the 'base line' for specific gravity and given the value of 1. The specific gravity of all other materials are compared to water as a fraction heavier or lighter density. For example, beryllium has a specific gravity (sg) of 1.84 (1840 kg/cu.m) 

As specific gravity is just a comparison, it can be applied across any units. The density of pure water is also 62.4 lbs/cu.ft (pounds per cubic foot) and if we know that a sample of aluminium has a sg of 2.5 then we can calculate that its density is 2.5 x 62.4 = 156 lbs/cu.ft.
Note, kg/cu.m divided by 16.02 = lbs/cu.ft

One handy metric link between units to remember is that 1 Litre [1000cc] of pure water weighs 1 kilogram. Equally, 1 millilitre of pure water has a mass of 1 gram or 1mL = 1g. The upper-case L for litre is preferable as the lower case can be confused with the figure one, however it is common to see ml for millilitres on bottles.

Unit Weight of Square Steel Bar

Dear Readers,

Square steel bars are used in construction industry for making gratings and barricading works. Job finishing will be good since it is available as a readymade. Alternatively we can cut from plates to make square bar. However it is not economical and wastage will be more, as well as finishing will not meet the requirement. Hence readymade square bar is advisable. It is measured by length in meters and weight is mentioned Kg per Meter. Unit Weight of Square Steel Bar is below.

For More Details about unit weight of Round Steel Bar click Here

Best Quote :Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small. A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.

Unit Weight of Steel Flat

Dear Readers,

Steel is important role in construction Industry. Flats are used in construction industry for very economic and good finish. Instead of cutting required size from plates and sheets we can use ready made flats. Generally the width to thickness ratio of flat rolled products is fairly large.

The flat carbon steel is a hot or cold rolled strip product also known as a plate product. Flats are actually thin strips of mild steel having the thickness of the strip commonly varying between 12 mm to 150 mm and thickness varies from 3 mm to 32 mm. Flats are designated by width and thickness, Example Flat 100 X 6 means flat 100 mm width and thickness is 6 mm.

Various grades and sizes of materials can be selected to meet diversified requirements for automobiles, appliances, construction etc., Unit weight of flat steel is below. All dimensions are in mm and weight is Kg/Mtr

For More Details about Flat Click Here

Unit Weight of Hexagonal Steel Bar

Dear Readers

In geometry, any polygon with six sides and six angles and six vertices is called as Hexagon. A Hexagon having all sides of equal length and equal angles is called regular Hexagon. Each interior angle of any regular Hexagon is equal. It is used in industrial for various purpose. 

It is used for popularly for making nuts. The size is always measured Across the flat. It is denoted as size (A/F). Refer Picture.

Please refer Unit weigt of Hexoganal steel bar is below chart. All weights are Kg per Meter. Sizes will be measured as per the above picture.

For Unit Weight of Round Steel Bar Click Here

Best Quote :  Always Welcome Your Problems,

Because Problems Gives You Dual Advice,Firstly, You Can Know How To Solve Them, Secondly, You Learn How To Avoid Them In Future.

Deposition of Welding Electrode

Dear Readers,

During Fabrication and Erection works we used welding electrodes for welding process. This article let us discuss about the weld metal deposition calculation.

Welding Electrodes available in markets are 2.5 mm, 3.15 mm, 4 mm & 5 mm with a length of 350 mm or 450 mm. The size mentioned 2.5 / 3.15 / 4 & 5 mm are only core material i.e excluding coating material. The length mentioned is full length including stub.

For calculation of welding deposition per rod we should know the effective length of Electrode usage. Note that Electrode 100% can not be consumed due to space between welding holder with work piece. Generally 75-100 mm of electrode will not be used depends upon the nature of work. Unused welding electrode including stub length. Industrial practice we used to call it is cut bits. It is shown in below picture.

For calculation purpose of welding deposition per rod we should know the effective length of welding electrode usage.

Effective Length = Length of Electrode - (Stub length + Unused electrode)

Following table shows the welding electrode deposition per rod in grams and number of rod required per kg weld deposition

Above table is calculated based on formula of cylindrical (Volume of Cylinder = Pi X r X r X h) and cut bit is 75 mm. Where "r" is radius of electrode and "h" is length of rod considered as a height

Percentage of efficiency will vary based on type of electrode. For CS Electrode is 100%, If it is Low Hydrogen AS electrode is 108% and If it is  Low Hydrogen CS electrode is 115%. This is due to flux coating material.

Dead Weight of Construction Materials

Dear Readers,

Wish You a Happy Pongal,

 

During Construction works we may require weights for our day to day works like estimation, Budget, Tendering & Scheduling. without unit weight or dead weight we may not in a position to execute the job. Following table is one of my rare collection. It covers Bituminous substances, Excavated materials, Liquids, Building and Other construction materials.

Hope above table would be a very helpful to all construction engineers.

 

For More details about Building materials click BLDG_MATL

For More details about Other steel structures click STEEL

For More details about Calculation of weight click CALC

For More details about Rebar weights click TORSTEEL

 



 

Best Quote. Coming together is a beginning; keeping together is progress; working together is success. Have a Nice Day

Unit Weight of ISMCP

Dear Readers,

Wish You a Happy Engineer Day-2012

In continuation with my earlier post of ISMC, Let us discuss about ISMCP (Indian Standard Medium Weight parallel Flanged Channel)

This is one of the standardized categories of hot-rolled steel Channel section. This is same as medium weight channel, all dimensions are same as medium weight channel However radius of channel flange is varying . It is parallel flange rather than a tapered flange.

It is also identified as a PFC (Parallel Flange Channel). It is designated as web size and flange size with prefix of MCP and having sizes from 75mm to 400mm. Example is MCP 300 X 84, where 300 is web size and 84 is flange size.

For More Details about Unit weight of Medium weight Channel Click ISMC

For More Details about Unit Weight of Junior Channel Click ISJC

For More Details about Unit Weight of Light Weight Channel Click ISLC

For More Details about Classification of Hot Rolled Steel Click IS:808

Best Quote."You will Never get a Second chance to make the First Impression". Have a Nice Day

Steel Type and Uses

There are five major classifications of steels: carbon steel, alloy steel, high-strength low-alloy steel, stainless steel and tool steel.

Carbon steels are the most common, containing various amounts of carbon, produce everything from machines to bedsprings to bobby pins.

Alloy steels have definite amounts of vanadium, molybdenum, manganese, silicon and cooper. Alloy steels produce gears, carving knives and even roller skates.

Stainless steels have chromium, nickel amongst other alloy elements which sustains their color and reaction to rust. Stainless steel products include pipes, space capsules, surgical equipment to kitchen equipment.

Last but not least, tool steels have tungsten, molybdenum amongst other alloy elements. These elements create the strength and ability of the tool steel products, which include parts for manufacturing operations as well as machinery.

The varying amounts of carbon, amongst other elements in each of the types of steel create a variety in densities or specific gravities. (Specific gravity or relative density is the ratio of a material's density to that of water.)

Stainless steels are the most dense, coming in at 8000 kg/m3. Though the densities vary, the density of steel is about 7700 kg/m3. The density of steel are measured in g/cm3, kg/m3, kg/L and lb/f3, with kg/m3 being the more commonly used measurement.
 
Below list shows Density (g/cm3) with in bracket
1.Low Alloy & Alloy Steels (7.60)
2.Stainless Steels MIM-316L (7.80)
3.Stainless Steels 304 L (7.75)
4.Soft Magnetic Alloys MIM-430L (7.50)
5.Soft Magnetic Alloys MIM-Fe-50%Ni (7.70)
6.Controlled Expansion Alloy Kovar (F-15 Alloy) (8.00)

Henry Bessemer created the Bessemer process in 1856 to manufacture steel cheaply.

Unit Weight of Building Materials

During Construction we may need weights of building material like brick, different type of concretes and Charcol etc.

This is rare collection and will be useful to construction engineers

Specific Gravity

As you well aware that all materials having individual properties and weights based on the density. How we can compare the different materials in a same platform.

Pure water was chosen as the 'base line' for specific gravity and given the value of 1. The specific gravity of all other materials are compared to water as a fraction heavier or lighter density.

For example, Copper has a specific gravity (sg) of 8.93 (8930 kg/cu.m)

One handy metric link between units to remember is that 1 Litre [1000cc] of pure water weighs 1 kilogram.Equally, 1 milliliter of pure water has a mass of 1 gram or 1mL = 1g.

As specific gravity is just a comparison, it can be applied across any units.
Specific gravity is the same number as density but without any units (adimensional).

Weight Calculation for Other Metals

In continuation with my previous post let us see how to calculate the weights othar than steel.

Basic formula for any material calculation is

Area in Square Meter multiple by Thickness and Multiple by Specific gravity of particular material

Weight = Length X Width X Thickness X Specific Gravity of material

UOM  for Length & Width is Meter, For Thickness is Milli Meter

What is mean by Specific Gravity will see in my next post

Structural Steel Weight Calculation

Dears,

Do you know how to calculate structural steel weights?It is very easy

If it is a Rolled section like Beam, Channel, Rod, Square, Angles & Flats
WEIGHT = LENGTH X UNIT WEIGHT

If it is a Plate OR Sheet
WEIGHT = LENGTH X WIDTH X THICKNESS X 7.85

UOM (Unit Of Measurement) for Length and width are Meter , For thickness it is in MM (Milli Meter)

7.85 is Specific Gravity of Steel

Eaxmple-1
If ISMB-600 length is 12550mm
Weight = 12550/1000 * 123.1 (Unit weigt of ISMB-600 per Meter is 123.00Kg/Meter)
Weight=1543.65Kg

Example-2
If Plate 16mm thickness, 1250mm width, 12500mm length
Weight= 1250/1000*12500/1000*16*7.85
Weight=1962.5 Kg

The same formuls can be applied for other materials also, Specific gravity should be used accordingly.