Hand Rail

Dear Readers,

Hand rails are used in domestic and industrial applications. A handrail is a rail that is designed to be grasped by the hand so as to provide stability or support. Handrails are commonly used while ascending or descending stairways and escalators and walk way platforms in order to prevent injurious falls. In General Handrails having following parts.
 

1. Vericale Post

2. Top Rail

3. Mid Rail

4. Toe Guard

Vertical Post: It is also called Hand rail Legs. It will have a equal distance, generally one meter spacing between the posts. Pipe or Angle will be used and will have a base plate. Base plate is anchored or fixed with floor

Top Rail: It is top side of hand rail, generally pipe will be used. It is a guide, person can hold and size will be one inch to 3inch

Mid Rail: It is fixed between Top rail and toe guard. It is used for protection as well as bracing member between two handrail legs. Mid rail may be one or more than one subject to the length of vertical post. Generally pipe or square bar is used. The size is equal or less than the top rail size.

Toe Guard: It is the bottom part of hand rail. It is used to protect the small material fallen from platform while walking. The safety point of view  Toe guard is more important.

Precautions & Notes. 

1. Hand rails should be used for only safe access
2. Keep in mind it is not a load bearing member
3. Don't take any supports from the hand rail
4. The maximum distance between any horizontal or vertical member should not exceed 20cm in one direction
5. The completed hand rail structure / assembly is capable of withstanding a load of at least 90kg applied in any direction at any point on the rail.

 

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Bearings Identification

Dear Readers,

 

This is continuation with my earlier posts of Bearings. Now discuss about the bearings identification

 A bearing number has four parts to it which includes four numbers and a set of letters. Each of the first two numbers stand for something, the last two designate size. The letters dictate the variation of the bearing. These letters can also be followed by more letters designating internal clearance. In detail:

 First number (will be a 0-8) designates the bearing type:

 0 = Double row angular contact ball bearings

 1 = Self-aligning ball bearings

 2 = Spherical roller bearings, spherical roller thrust bearings

 3 = Tapered roller bearings

 4 = Double row deep groove ball bearings

 5 = Thrust ball bearings

 6 = Single row deep groove ball bearings

 7 = Single row angular contact ball bearings

 8 = Cylindrical roller thrust bearings

The second number designates the series, or cross section. This is basically equivalent to the second number of a tire rating, it's a ratio of the bore to the width of the bearing, which also controls the O.D. of the bearing. The larger the cross section, the larger the O.D. of the bearing.

 

 18 = Thin Section, Light

 19 = Thin Section, Medium

 0 = Very Light

 2 = Light

 3 = Medium

 4 = Heavy

The third number (which is a set of two numbers) indicates the bore (in mm) of the bearings. All bearings are designated with metric standards, not inches. Numbers are as follows:

 

00 = 10 mm

01 = 12 mm

02 = 15 mm

03 = 17 mm

 

For 20-480mm bore bearings: Last 2 digits x 5 = Bore (mm)

i.e.- if the bearing number was 04 (04 x 5 = 20 mm), 05 (05 x 5 = 25 mm)

The letters after the number indicate the variation. These change from manufacturer to manufacturer, but here are some of the common ones:

 

Plain -- No Shield

Type Z -- One Shield (normally will have metal shields)

Type 2Z -- Two Shields (one on each side)

Type RS1 -- One Seal (normally the R indicates rubber)

Type 2RS1 --Two Seals (one on each side)

 

Prefix and suffix abbreviation will be followed my next post

For More Information about bearings Click Bearings

For More Information about Bearings Designation's Click Here

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Fibre Rope

Dear Readers,

 

Fibre rope is made from either natural or synthetic fibres. The natural fibres come from plants and include manila, sisal and hemp. Synthetic fibres include nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene and polyester.

In the fabrication of fibre rope, a number of fibres of various plants are twisted together to form yarns, which are then twisted together in the opposite direction to the fibres to form strands. The strands are twisted in the opposite direction to the yarns to form the completed rope. The direction of twist of each element of the rope is known as the "lay" of that element. Twisting each element in the opposite direction puts the rope in balance and prevents its elements from unlaying when a load is suspended on it. The principal type of rope is the three-strand, right lay, in which three strands are twisted in a right-hand direction. Four-strand ropes, which are also available, are slightly heavier but are weaker than three-strand ropes of the same diameter.

Fibre ropes are made from following materials

1. Manila

2. Sisal

3. Hemp

4. Coir and Cotton

5. Jute

 

Details of above rope material will be discussed my next post

For more details about Steel Wire Rope click Rope 

 

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