Synthetic Fibers

The most commonly used synthetic round slings are made of nylon- or polyester-type yarns. It has a tensile strength nearly three times that of Manila.

The advantage of using nylon rope is that it is waterproof and has the ability to stretch, absorb shocks, and resume normal length. It also resists abrasion, rot, decay, and fungus growth.

Nylon was first made in 1935. It was intended to be a substitute for silk and was used in place of silk in parachutes in 1941, when the USA entered World War II. Synthetic round slings offer a number of advantages for rigging purposes. Synthetic fibres are much stronger, and hence more durable than natural fibres.

Time- Lightweight fiber slings offer significant reductions in rigging time and manpower. They are 1/7th the weight of steel wire rope or more. In heavy lift projects, installation crews also receive savings in transportation and storage costs.

HSE benefits - Lightweight rope and round slings offer superior flexibility which translates into fewer rigging injuries. They are also soft of hand causing little damage to rigger or expensive payloads.

Longer service life - Modern high strength synthetic fibers are remarkably durable and will not rust, corrode or fish-hook. They are not affected by fresh or salt water. Wear points can be protected from abrasion, cutting and heat damage. They are designed for multiple lift use and are easy to inspect.

For More Details about Fibre Rope Click Here

For More Details about Manila Rope Click Here

For More Details about Natural Fibre Rope Click Here

Weights of Steel Wire Rope

Dear Readers,

Wire ropes are key members for erection activities. During erection scheme finalization it is very much essential to know the self weight of rope. Lifting weight calculation including the weight of erection object, Rope weight, Tools & Tackles weight. Steel wire rope weight is below. Weights are given per 100 Meter.

For More Details about Steel Wire Rope Click Here

For More Details about SWL for Mechanically Spliced Slings Click Here

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Turnbuckle

Dear Readers,

Turnbuckle is a device that usually consists of a link with screw threads at both ends, which is turned to bring the ends closer together. It is also known as stretching screw or bottle screw, it is used in hoisting or rigging operations. This should be of weld less construction and fabricated from alloy steel.

 

A turnbuckle is a 3-piece metal coupling device, usually comprised of internal screw threads along-with a long sleeve at both ends. It normally consists of two threaded eye bolts, one screwed into each end of a small metal frame, one with a left-hand thread and the other with a right-hand thread. The tension can be adjusted by rotating the frame / central nut. So that they can be pulled together or pushed farther.

 

The buckle is rotated clockwise, the screws eject out of the body, thereby releasing tension. And when it is turned in anti-clockwise direction, the screws on the other hand are driven towards the center, thereby increasing tension. The threaded regions of the turnbuckle either feature a hook or screw-eye at the non-threaded end.

 

It is used to fasten wires, cables, ropes, or shafts, which are either attached to an anchor point or to other cables, including ropes and shafts. When they are supplied with hook end fittings, ensure that the hooks are fitted with safety catches.

 

If the turnbuckle is to be used in an application where vibration is present, it is extremely important to lock the frame to the end fittings to prevent it from turning and loosening. Lock nuts or jam nuts should not be used and add greatly to the load in the screw thread. Use wire instead.

 

Turnbuckles should be inspected frequently for cracks in the end fittings, deformed or bent rods and bodies, cracks and bends around the internally threaded portion and signs of thread damage.

 

SWL for Mechanically Spliced Slings

Dear Readers,

During Rigging operations in construction we must know the SWL (Safe Working Load) of Rope and Tackles used. Some times we have to fabricate the sling from wire rope and suitably spliced. Permissible Load Lifting Capacity of Individual Slings fibre-core and mechanically spliced. Diameter of wire rope is in Inches and SWL is in MT

 

 

Size of Rope  = SWL

 

1). 1/2 "   =  1.196 MT

 

2). 5/8" = 2.133 MT

 

3). 3/4" = 2.683 MT

 

4). 1 " = 4.783 MT

 

5). 1 1/4" = 8.50 MT

 

6). 1 1/2" = 10.75 MT

 

7). 1 5/8" = 13.266MT

 

8). 1 3/4" = 15.383MT

 

 

 

 

It is always advised to take a load test by competent person / authorized agency before commencement of spliced sling in to operation/ Erection.

 

For More Details about SWL Click Here

For More Details about Steel Wire Rope Click Here 

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Safe Working Load (SWL)

Dear Readers,

SWL is very important and essential for rigging & hoisting works during construction activities and sometimes stated as the Normal Working Load (NWL).

 

It is the mass or the force a piece of lifting equipment, lifting device or accessory can safely utilize to lift, suspend, or lower a mass without fear of breaking. Usually marked on the equipment by the manufacturer and is often 1/5 of the Minimum Breaking Strength (MBS) although other fractions may be used such as 1/4, 1/6 and 1/10. 

The SWL is determined by dividing the minimum breaking strength (MBS) of a component by a safety factor assigned to that type and use of equipment. The safety factor generally ranges from 4 to 6 unless a failure of the equipment could pose a risk to life; in that instance the safety factor would be a 10.

For example, if a line has an MBS of 1,000 pounds and a safety factor of 5, then the SWL would be 200 pounds. 1000/5 = 200.  

Thumb Rule for Determination of SWL of Wire rope slings:

SWL = 8*D²; in Tons; Where D diameter of rope in inches.

Example:

1 Inch diameter rope 1*1*8 = 8 Tons

½ inch diameter rope 0.5*0.5*8 = 2 Tons

Other way to calculate the SWL of any wire rope by

1. Obtained the Breaking strength of the wire rope as per the class.
2. Consider the Safety factor (Generally taken 5 for wire rope, except taken 10 while use for lifting person)
3. Divided the breaking Strength by Factor of safety.

 For More Details about Safety Helmet Click Here

Natural Fibre Rope

Hemp.

This tall plant is cultivated in many parts of the world and provides useful fibers for making rope and cloth.

Hemp was used extensively before the introduction of Manila, but its principal use today is in fittings, such as ratline, marline, and spun yarn. Since hemp absorbs much better than the hard fibers, these fittings are invariably tarred to make them more water resistant. Tarred hemp has about 80 percentage of the strength of un-tarred hemp. Of these tarred fittings, marline is the standard item of issue.

Coir and Cotton.

Coir rope is made from the fiber of coconut husks. It is a very elastic, rough rope about one-fourth the strength of hemp but light enough to float on water. Cotton makes a very smooth, white rope that withstands much bending and running. These two types of rope are not widely used in the military; however, cotton is used in some cases for very small lines.

Jute.

The glossy fiber of either of two East Indian plants of the linden family used chiefly for sacking, burlap, and cheaper varieties of twine and rope.

For More Details about Steel Wire Rope Click Steel Rope

For More Details about Fibre Rope Click Fibre

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Manila Fibre Rope

Manila.

This is a strong fiber that comes from the leaf stems of the stalk of the abaca plant, which belongs to the banana family. The fibers vary in length from 1.2 to 4.5 meters (4 to 15 feet) in the natural states. The quality of the fiber and its length give Manila rope relatively high elasticity, strength, and resistance to wear and deterioration. In many instances, the manufacturer treats the rope with chemicals to make it more mildew resistant, which increases the quality of the rope. Manila rope is generally the standard item of issue because of its quality and relative strength.

Sisal.

Sisal rope is made from two tropical plants, sisalana and henequen, that produce fibers 0.6 to 1.2 meters (2 to 4 feet) long. Sisalana produces the stronger fibers of the two plants, so the rope is known as sisal. Sisal rope is about 80 percent as strong as high quality Manila rope and can be easily obtained. It withstands exposure to sea water very well and is often used for this reason.

For More information about Fiber Rope click Fiber

For More information about Steel Wire Rope click SWR

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Fibre Rope

Dear Readers,

 

Fibre rope is made from either natural or synthetic fibres. The natural fibres come from plants and include manila, sisal and hemp. Synthetic fibres include nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene and polyester.

In the fabrication of fibre rope, a number of fibres of various plants are twisted together to form yarns, which are then twisted together in the opposite direction to the fibres to form strands. The strands are twisted in the opposite direction to the yarns to form the completed rope. The direction of twist of each element of the rope is known as the "lay" of that element. Twisting each element in the opposite direction puts the rope in balance and prevents its elements from unlaying when a load is suspended on it. The principal type of rope is the three-strand, right lay, in which three strands are twisted in a right-hand direction. Four-strand ropes, which are also available, are slightly heavier but are weaker than three-strand ropes of the same diameter.

Fibre ropes are made from following materials

1. Manila

2. Sisal

3. Hemp

4. Coir and Cotton

5. Jute

 

Details of above rope material will be discussed my next post

For more details about Steel Wire Rope click Rope 

 

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Steel Wire Rope

Dear Readers,

Let us discuss about the steel wire rope and classifications. Wire ropes are used in construction for handling of materials. Generally in construction 6 x 19 ropes are used. Centre core may by FC (Fibre Core) or SC (Steel Core)

 

In a numerical classification of rope construction, the first number is the number of strands; the second number is the number of wires in each strand. Thus, 6 x 25 means the wire rope has six individual strands with each strand containing 25 wires.

 

When such numbers are used as designations of standard wire rope classes, the second figure is purely nominal, in that the number of wires per strand for various ropes in the class may be slightly less or more than nominal.

 

For ropes with a wire strand core (WSC), a second group of numbers may be used to indicate the construction of the wire core, such as 1 x 21, 1 x 43 etc.

The standard construction of wire rope falls into four general classifications are 6 x 7, 6 x 19, 6 x 37, and 8 x 19. The first three ropes each contain six strands. In the fourth, each rope contains eight strands. The construction of a steel wire rope is expressed according to the following:

Example: 6x36-FC

     6 is the number of strands in the steel wire rope

     36 is the number of wires in the strand

     FC is the type of the core

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