Dear Readers,
While preparing blog articles, self always try to
co-ordinate the steel standards between the other steel standards. Unfortunately,
there is no common global steel standard or classification system. Rather,
there are a number of classification and designation systems accepted and used
worldwide, which are developed and standardized either nationally and
internationally.
Steel standards are systems for classifying, evaluating,
and specifying the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties of
different types of steels and ferrous alloys that are used in the production of
components, machinery, and constructions.
Steels can be classified by a large variety of criteria,
such as:
1). Composition, for example carbon, low-alloy, or
stainless steel.
2). Method of manufacturing, such as open hearth, basic
oxygen process, or electric furnace methods.
3). Finishing method, such as hot rolling, cold rolling,
and various surface finishing and platting techniques.
4). Product form, for example bar, wire, plate, sheet,
strip, tubing or structural shape.
5). DE oxidation practice, such as killed, semi-killed,
capped or rimmed steel.
6). Microstructure, such as ferritic, pearlite and
martensitic.
7). Heat treatment, such as annealing, quenching and
tempering.
Some of the more frequently used steel standard and
classification systems include:
AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) steel standards,
which are traditionally used in the US and abroad. While this standard is no
longer maintained and has increasingly been replaced by SAE, ASTM and other
U.S. standards, it is still widespread.
EN (Euro norm), which is a harmonized system of metal and
steel standards of European countries. Although it is accepted and effectively
used in all European countries, “obsolete” national systems, such as German-DIN, British-BS, French-AFNOR and Italian-UNI are commonly used and often found
in many documents and specifications.
Japanese JIS steel standards, which are widely used in
Asia and Pacific regions. JIS steel specifications have also often been used as
a base for other national systems, such as Korean, Chinese, and Taiwanese
standards.
Steel standards for BRIC Countries Brazilian-NBR, Russian-GOST, Indian-IS, and Chinese-GB and YB are followed.
For Example, Different standards used for General
structural steel in construction works are as follows.
Indian Standard = IS: 2062
Chinese Standard = GB/T 700-2006
Japanese Standard = JIS G3101-2004
European Standard = EN 10025-2004
American Standard = ASTM A36-05.
Similarly, Different steel standards are used for Cold
forming steel, high strength low alloy structural steel, Steel for boiler and
other pressure vessels and Steel for ship building.
Note : In addition to the many standards described above, many
steel manufacturers and suppliers have developed their own proprietary,
commercial names for designating steels. Some of these designations have, after
years and decades of use, become widely used within the industrial community
and are often referred to as “common“ names or “trade” names, without actually
referring to the particular supplier. In most cases, these “common” names are
not standardized and properties may vary substantially; their application in
official technical documents should therefore be avoided.
